stein



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

S. P. STEIN.

' LOCK.

No. 440,068. Patented Nov. 4, 1890.

(No Model.) l 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

S. P. STEIN.

LOOK.

No. 440,068. Patented Nov. 4, 1800.

g l J2 my P UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

`SAMUEL P. STEIN, OF MILTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THOMAS B. GOULD, FREDERICK M. KELLY, AND JOI'IN G. KURTZ, ALL OF'SAME PLACE.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 440,068, dated November 4, 1890.

Application led June 25, 1890. Serial No. 356,629. (No model.) Y

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL P. STEIN, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Milton, in the county of Northumberland and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Lock, of which the following is a specification.

lVIy invention has relation to improvements in locks for doors and similar things where it is required to secure them from the intrusion of unauthorized parties; and the object is to provide a lock for all the purposes to which such a lock may be required, which is simple in construction, reliable for security, and strong and durableY My invention consists in the novel 'constuction and arrangement of parts, as will be hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

I have fully and clearly illustrated my invention in the accomyanying drawings, whereinn Figure 1 is a central vertical section taken lengthwise through the casing and cylinder. Fig. 2 is a central transverse section taken horizontally through the casin g and cylinder, showing the pin-holes in the cylinder and the tumblers arranged in position. Fig. 3 is a front or face view of the casing. Fig. 4- is a side view of the casing, shpwing one of the keeper-slides and the slotted bearing of the tumbler-cylinder to take and hold the connecting-bar between the cylinder and the lock. Fig. 5 is a side view of the tumbler-cylinder, showing the key-slot and the tumbler-slots. Fig. 6 is a side view taken from the reverse side of that shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a bottom view of the tumbler-cylinder, showing A an larrangement of the pin-holes therein.

Fig. 8 is a central vertical section lengthwise of the tumbler-cylinder. Fig. 9 is a transverse central section of the same. Fig. 10 is a vertical section of the tumbler-cylinder, taken on the line 0S x of Fig. 7. Fig. 1l is a view of one of the pins. Fig. 12 is a detail of a series of the sliding tumblers. Fig. 13 is a view of the key. Fig. 14. is a perspective of the casing, the connecting-bar being shown as inserted. Fig. 15 1s a perspective, in central section, of

the casing, showing the grooves for lifting the pins.

A designates the casing consisting of a hollow cylindrical shell formed with a rim-flange 1 to set in or against the face of the door or other object to which the device is applied. On the casing are lugs 2, having threaded holes to receive fastening-screws (not shown) projected through from the lock to draw and hold the casing in -its mortise in the door or other object. In the casing at the front is an aperture 3, in which the projecting key end of the tumbler-cylinder is seated and revolves, and on the rear face of the casing is a plate 2X, securedV by any proper means and having an aperture in which the rear projecting end of the tumbler-cylinder is held and turns. Centrally located and transversely arranged in the casing is a determined number of slots 4, the ends of which are closed by slides 5, let in ways formed in the face of the casing. These slides serve as keepers to prevent the tumblers from falling from the slots, and also serve as abutments for the ends of the tumblers to lodge against. In the lower part of the interior of the casing is a determined number of transversely-arranged grooves 6, the bottoms of which are eccentric to the circle of the interior or bore of the casing and to the face of the tumbler-cylinder. In the deepest part of these grooves the lower ends of the key-pins normally set when the tumbler-cylinder is locked in the casing, as hereinafter more fully specilied. A casing having one of these grooves, a single tumbler in the cylinder, and a single pin-hole and pin in the cylinder would forni a tumbler-barrel of the cheapest construction and which could not well be opened except by the key adj usted to open it; yet for absolute security two or more tumblers and grooves are requisite.

B designates the tumbler-cylinder, being a plain cylinder neatly fitted to the interior of the casing and formed with spindles or joui1` nals 7 8 at its respective ends to fit in the bearings of the casing and the plate on the rear thereof. Lengthwise of the tuInbler-cylwidth. In the rear spindle S of the tumblercylinder is held the connecting-bar 10, which has its vouter end secured to the spindle of the lock. (Not shown.) This connection of the bar 10 is not shown,because the latch part of the lock forms no part of my invention, and the connection may be made to any lock adapted for such purpose. Across the tumbler-cylinder is the requisite number of tumbler-slots 11, which register With the slots or seats 4 in the casing, and in these slots the -tiimblers hereinafter described are arranged.

In the lower half of the tumbler-cylinder is a number of pin-holes 12, in each of which is a key-pin 13. These key-pins set with their lower or outer ends in the grooves 6 of the casing and open into the key-slot and regis-- ter with the holes in the key, so that when the proper-key is inserted in the slot and the tumbler-cylinder is turned the pins are lifted' by their ends movingin the eccentric bottoms of the groove into the holes of the key, and thus do not prevent they tumblercylinder from bein-g turned; but should a key be inserted without the holes, or having holes not registering with the pins, the movement ot' the tumbler-cylinder will push the pins up with their upper or inner ends against the face of the key, and thus Wedge the tumblercylinder from turning arond.

C designates the tnmblers. of plates or bars having key-holes 14 arranged at substantially their middle. The key-holes are made of different lengths,'so that they do not align, and the tumblers also are of different lengths, in orderthat when the key is inserted they will be moved to dier'ent distances into the casing, and if attempted unauthorized unlocking be made they will bemoved more or less into locked engagement, the key being so supplied with notches or seats that when inserted it draws all the tumblers from engagement with the casing and releases the tumbler cylinder from its locked relation thereto, and when the key is Withdrawn the tumblers will be moved by the projection 17 on the end of the key into locked position.

D designates the key consistingof a tlat plate having notches orseats 15 16 in its edges, graduated to seat the respective key-holes of the tumblers and hold them withdrawn from engagement with thev casing, and having on its end a lateral projection 17, which serves to throw the tumblers into locked positionthat is, into the slots 4;-when the 'key is withdrawn. In the key is a number of pin-holes 18, placed to register with the pins arranged in the pin-holes of the tumbler-cylinder. y It will be perceived that the tumblers C are free in the slots of the tumbler-cylinder and areinoved to and from locked position by the action of the key, being moved in locked position by the withdrawal of the key, the pro.- jection 17 extending laterally beyond the line or depth of any onek of the notches in which the tumblers engage, so that as the key is in the partsalign.

These consist- Withdrawn the projection 17 is the last to engage the tumblers, and all of them are moved into locked position by the projection.

It Will be perceived that the tumbler-cylinder is locked in the casing by the action of the key on the tuinblers alone, and the locked connections are then so secure as to aif'ord protection against unwarranted intrusion; but by the intervention of the pins in the tu mbler-cylinder and their necessary registration with the pin-holes in the key absolute security is provided. An operative tumbler attachment of this kind -inay be inadewith the tumblers alone arranged in the cylinder and engaging the casing, as described; but by the addition of the key-pins I attain a device which it is very hard to unlock except by the keymade for it. Any number of tumblers may be used, and also any number of key-pins, additional security being attained by increasing the number of one or both.

The parts are assembled as follows: The key-pins are placed in the tumbler-cylinder, and then the cylinderis placed in the bore of the casing and turned until the tumbler-slots The tumblers are then inserted in the tumbler-slots and the keeperslides shoved in their Ways, and the device, after the connecting bar or plate is attached, is ready for being arranged in its mortise.

The operation is as follows: The key is inserted,which action moves the tumblers from their engagement with the casing, and in instances where the pins are not used the tumbler-cylinder may be turned, and with 1t the spindle of the connected lock; but if the keypins are used the key is turned until thepins slide or move into the holes in the key, and as they in such case do not obstruct the movement of the tumbler-cylinder the revolntion of the cylinder may be continued; but

if a key be used which could move the tumblers out of engagement with the casing, but not having pin-holes, or having pin-holes not registering with the pins, the movement of the tumbler-cylinder will be stopped by the inward movements of the key-pins and their pressure against the key through the agency of the eccentric grooves in the casing, whereby the pins are forced against the imperforate part of the key and wedge the cylinder against i being turned.

Having thus described my invention and specified the manner of making, constructing, and using it, as required by the statute, and explained the princi-ple and the application thereof so as to distinguish it from other inventions in the art, I now particularly point out and distinctly claim the parts, improvements, and combinations which I claim as my invention, as follows:

1. In a lock,l the combination of a cylindrical hollow casing having aligned tumbler- 1 slots oppositely arranged in its interior and an eecentrcally-annular groove in the inner face of the casing, a tumbler-cylinder within IOO the casing having a transversely-arranged tumbler-slot registering with the tumbler-slot of the casing and having a key-slot and a pin-hole extending from the surface and opening into the key-slot, a sliding tumbler having a key-hole disposed in the tumbler-slot, a pin in the pin-hole with its end in the groove of the casing, and a key having a hole to rcceve the pin and shift the tumbler, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. The key herein described, having its edges formed to shift the tumblers of a lock, and having pin-holes through its blade, substantially as described.

3. In a lock, the combination, With the. outer casing having seats to receive the ends of tumblers, of a cylinder arranged in the casing, formed with pin-holes opening' intorthe keyslot and arranged at substantially right angles thereto, and pins in the pin-holes, arranged to be moved toward the center of the cylinder, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

4. The key herein described, consisting of a blade having its edges formed to shift the tumblers of alock-eylinder and provided with a lateral projection at its end, and having pinholes through the blade, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. In a lock, the combination of the casing provided with an eccentrically-arranged groove 6, the cylinder withinthe casing, formed with a pin-hole and with a key-slot, and the pin arranged in the hole in the cylinder and having its end resting in the said groove, substantially as described.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two attestingwitnesses.

SAMUEL P. STEIN. 

